The tensile test is one of the most fundamental mechanical tests used to determine the mechanical properties of a material. It is commonly conducted on metals, but can also be performed on various other materials like plastics, ceramics, and composites.The test helps engineers and scientists understand how a material responds to tensile forces, which involve stretching or elongating the material until it eventually breaks.

Hardness testing is a widely used mechanical testing method that measures a material’s ability to withstand indentation or penetration by an indenter under a specified load. It is commonly employed for metals, but can also be applied to other materials like plastics and ceramics.

Impact testing is a critical mechanical test used to measure a material’s resistance to sudden shock and deformation. It simulates real-world scenarios where materials may be subjected to rapid and forceful impacts. This testing is particularly relevant for materials used in construction, automotive, aerospace, and other industries where impact resistance is crucial for product safety and reliability.

Bend testing or flexural testing, is a crucial mechanical test used to assess a material’s ability to withstand bending forces without breaking. This testing method is particularly important for materials used in structural applications, such as construction, aerospace, and engineering, where flexibility and resilience are critical factors.

Fracture toughness tests measure a material’s ability to resist the growth or propagation of a pre-existing flaw. The flaw or defect may be in the form of a fatigue crack, void, or any inconsistency in the test material.

Micro and macro mechanical tests are two categories of experiments conducted to study the mechanical properties of materials at different length scales. These tests provide valuable insights into the behavior of materials under various loading conditions, aiding in material characterization, design optimization, and quality control in different industries.